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        <a href=".." >java8函数式编程</a>
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                                <h1 id="java8&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;">Java8&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;</h1>
<p>&#x6807;&#x7B7E;&#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#x5206;&#x9694;&#xFF09;&#xFF1A; Java-Base</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;">lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;</h2>
<h3 id="&#x95ED;&#x5305;closure">&#x95ED;&#x5305;closure</h3>
<p>&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x5FC5;&#x7136;&#x5305;&#x542B;3&#x4E2A;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5757;</li>
<li>&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x53C2;&#x6570;</li>
<li>&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF1A;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x6240;&#x5728;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x57DF;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x5916;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5316;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5982;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-java">Function&lt;Integer, Integer&gt; function = (x <span class="hljs-comment">/*&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x53C2;&#x6570;*/</span>) -&gt; 
<span class="hljs-comment">//&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5757;</span>
{
    record++; <span class="hljs-comment">//&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> x + <span class="hljs-number">1</span>;
};
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x7684;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x4E0D;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x62A5;&#x9519;record&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x662F;final&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6216;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;final&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x662F;JDK&#x5BF9;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x7EA6;&#x675F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7EA6;&#x675F;&#x539F;&#x7406;&#xFF1A;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x95ED;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x95ED;&#x5305;&#x4F1A;<strong>&#x590D;&#x5236;</strong>&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x5728;&#x95ED;&#x5305;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x95ED;&#x5305;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5728;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5728;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x5185;&#x8BE5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4F9D;&#x7136;&#x80FD;&#x88AB;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-java"><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> matches = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(Path p : files)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Thread(() -&gt; {<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(p&#x4E2D;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;) matches++;}).start();    <span class="hljs-comment">//&#x975E;&#x6CD5;&#x66F4;&#x6539;matches&#x7684;&#x503C;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x53D8;&#x66F4;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x5668;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;<strong>&#x539F;&#x5219;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x53D8;&#x66F4;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</strong>&#x3002;</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&#x8865;&#x5145;&#xFF1A;final variable&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x597D;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;final&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF1F;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;List<string>&#x4E3A;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;final&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;final&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x88AB;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x6C38;&#x8FDC;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x518D;&#x88AB;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x662F;List<string>&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x53D8;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x591A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;function&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</string></string></p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code class="lang-java">List&lt;String&gt; list = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ArrayList&lt;&gt;();
Function&lt;Integer, Integer&gt; function = (x) -&gt; 
{
    list.add(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;abc&quot;</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//list&#x4E3A;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;final&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</span>
    ...
};
</code></pre>
<hr>
<h3 id="this&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x5B57;">this&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x5B57;</h3>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x5728;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;this&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x4F1A;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x8BE5;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;this&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E3A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-java"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Application</span></span>{
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">doWork</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span>{
        Runnable runner = () -&gt; {....;System.out.println(<span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.toString());......};
    }
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;this.toString()&#x4F1A;&#x8C03;&#x7528;Application&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;toString()&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;Runnable&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;toString()&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x5728;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;this&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;&#x5728;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;this&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x3002;lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x57DF;&#x88AB;&#x5D4C;&#x5957;&#x5728;doWork()&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x65E0;&#x8BBA;this&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x4F55;&#x5904;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x610F;&#x4E49;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x5F0F;&#x4E0E;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;">&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x5F0F;&#x4E0E;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;</h3>
<p>&#x5F85;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;-function-interfaces">&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x63A5;&#x53E3; Function interfaces</h2>
<p>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-java"><span class="hljs-comment">//&#x533F;&#x540D;&#x7C7B;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;</span>
Thread thread1 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Thread(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Runnable() {
    <span class="hljs-meta">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">run</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>{
        System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x533F;&#x540D;&#x7C7B;&quot;</span>);
    }
});

<span class="hljs-comment">//lambda&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">//Runnable&#x6807;&#x8BC6;@FunctionalInterface&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x4F1A;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x8BE5;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5F0F;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x7684;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x8D28;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;DotNet&#x7684;Action</span>
Runnable runnable = () -&gt; System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&quot;</span>);
Thread thread = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Thread(runnable);

System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&quot;</span>);
thread.start();
thread1.start();
</code></pre>
<h3 id="javautilfunction&#x65B0;&#x5305;">java.util.function&#x65B0;&#x5305;</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>Function&lt;T, R&gt;</code>: -T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7684;R&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;DotNet&#x7684;Function&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;</li>
<li><code>Predicate&lt;T&gt;</code> -T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7684;boolean&#x503C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;</li>
<li><code>Consumer&lt;T&gt;</code> - T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x67D0;&#x79CD;&#x52A8;&#x4F5C;&#x4F46;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;</li>
<li><code>Supplier&lt;T&gt;</code> - &#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;T </li>
<li><code>BinaryOperator&lt;T&gt;</code> -&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x201C;reduce&#x201D;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5F88;&#x6709;&#x7528;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53C2;&#x770B;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-java"><span class="hljs-comment">// Function&lt;T, R&gt; -T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7684;R&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;   </span>
Function&lt;String,String&gt; function = (x) -&gt; {System.out.print(x+<span class="hljs-string">&quot;: &quot;</span>);<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Function&quot;</span>;};  
System.out.println(function.apply(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;hello world&quot;</span>));  

<span class="hljs-comment">//Predicate&lt;T&gt; -T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7684;boolean&#x503C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;   </span>
Predicate&lt;String&gt; pre = (x) -&gt;{System.out.print(x);<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>;};  
System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;: &quot;</span>+pre.test(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;hello World&quot;</span>));  

<span class="hljs-comment">//Consumer&lt;T&gt; - T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x67D0;&#x79CD;&#x52A8;&#x4F5C;&#x4F46;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;   </span>
Consumer&lt;String&gt; con = (x) -&gt; {System.out.println(x);};  
con.accept(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;hello world&quot;</span>);  

<span class="hljs-comment">//Supplier&lt;T&gt; - &#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;T   </span>
Supplier&lt;String&gt; supp = () -&gt; {<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Supplier&quot;</span>;};  
System.out.println(supp.get());  

<span class="hljs-comment">//BinaryOperator&lt;T&gt; -&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;T&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x201C;reduce&#x201D;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5F88;&#x6709;&#x7528;   </span>
BinaryOperator&lt;String&gt; bina = (x,y) -&gt;{System.out.print(x+<span class="hljs-string">&quot; &quot;</span>+y);<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;BinaryOperator&quot;</span>;};  
System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;  &quot;</span>+bina.apply(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;hello &quot;</span>,<span class="hljs-string">&quot;world&quot;</span>));
</code></pre>
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